What is meant by 'cultural heritage' in the context of the Paris Convention?

In the context of the Paris Convention, 'cultural heritage' primarily refers to monuments and significant sites that are considered important for a community's history, identity, and culture. The convention emphasizes the protection of these physical manifestations of cultural heritage, recognizing their value in representing the artistic, architectural, and historical achievements of different civilizations.

Monuments, such as cathedrals, castles, and ancient ruins, serve as a testament to the artistic and engineering capabilities of societies throughout history. Significant sites, including battlefields or locations of historical events, also hold cultural significance that connects present generations with their past. Protecting and preserving these sites ensures that they remain accessible for future generations to appreciate and learn from, preserving a continuous link to the heritage of humanity.

The other choices might represent forms of cultural expression or aspects of culture, but they do not encompass the specific definition of 'cultural heritage' as outlined in the Paris Convention. The focus of the convention is predominantly on the physical remnants that embody cultural history rather than on performances, traditional practices, or modern designs.